Supply ventilation in an apartment with filtration: the nuances of use
DFor normal operation of multi-storey buildings, a single air exchange of rooms within an hour is sufficient. To do this, ventilation ducts of natural extraction are mandatory in standard projects. However, the air flow by default should be provided by window slots, vents, vapor-permeable wall materials. For many property owners, forced ventilation in an apartment with filtration becomes a real necessity when installing PVC window blocks with double-glazed windows, using vapor-tight wall coverings or films under them.
Organization of ventilation using ventilation ducts
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Video: why you need ventilation in the apartment
Requirements, principle of operation
It is becoming necessary to increase the comfort of living in an apartment with filtered ventilation in the absence of excessive air pressure in the premises. The ventilation ducts remain unused, since they cannot create traction without fresh air from the outside. The natural ventilation scheme is classic:
- air flow through walls, window slits, vents in residential premises;
- moving air masses into the kitchen through the slots of the thresholds;
- removal of excessively humid exhaust air in ventilation channels.
Classic natural ventilation scheme
However, absolutely sealed walls, window blocks with double-glazed windows do not let air through. The air exchange rate is violated. This leads to a deterioration in the well-being of residents, an increase in moisture, deterioration furniture, interiors, odors spreading from functional rooms (bathroom and kitchen).
Violation of air exchange can cause extremely unpleasant consequences.
The problem is solved by inserting supply valves into the windows, installing fans in separate rooms.
Supply valve in the window
Varieties of supply ventilation
The industry produces several types of ventilation equipment for different budgets and needs of real estate owners.Supply ventilation is most in demand in an apartment with filtration of the following modifications:
- fan - sucks in street air, makes it possible to do without the installation of ventilation ducts, but is suitable for local ventilation;
Compact fan
- window valve - built in between the profile / glass unit, in the vestibule (separate sash), inside profile either between the wall / block, have a flow of 25 - 50 cubic meters per hour, on soundproofing windows do not affect, have a pleasant design, direct the air upwards to avoid drafts;
Window valve device
- recuperator - refers to supply ventilation conditionally, since exhaust ducts are also installed in this unit for heating the intake air, there are monoblock, prefabricated equipment models.
The principle of operation of the recuperator
Air heaters, coolers, filtration equipment are used to improve air characteristics. There are electrostatic, wet, dry filters of pocket, panel, cassette type.
Various types of filters for the ventilation system
Project, selection of elements
Before buying / installing supply ventilation in an apartment with filtration, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of the fan or valve. For this, the simplest calculation of air exchange is sufficient:
- by people - in offices, 40 cubic meters are required every hour for each employee, in apartments the standard is reduced to 20 cubic meters, in industrial workshops 60 cubes are required, the figure is multiplied by the number of people constantly present in the room;
- by the exchange rate - calculating the volume of the room by multiplying the perimeter of the walls by the height of the ceilings, this will be the optimal value of the fan / valve performance.
Air exchange calculation is required before purchase and installation.
On average, for typical apartments, an axial, radial fan capacity of 100 - 500 m is sufficient3/ h. Single-phase low-power color coils of 2 - 5 kW are used here. Water modifications save electricity, however, they are more difficult to mount, maintain, mask in the interior.
Supply unit with heating elements and filtration
Step-by-step installation technology
Depending on the design chosen, the ventilation of the kitchen is installed in the apartment with filtration in a few hours / days. The easiest way is to insert a fan into the window or install a supply valve in the PVC profile. To install the recuperator, you will have to drill a load-bearing wall, fix the equipment on a vertical surface, and stretch ventilation ducts.
Installation of the ventilation unit on an external wall
Installing the supply chamber
An excellent option for an apartment is a monoblock supply chamber, inside of which filters, a heater, a fan, and automation are installed.
Compact air handling unit
The device is quite compact, it is mounted in the gap of the supply ventilation duct (for several rooms), or in an opening inside the load-bearing wall (for one room).
The only drawback is the high cost, which is compensated by self-installation, simple maintenance, and the presence of automatic ventilation modes.
An ordinary fan is usually used in the kitchen, it is mounted according to the technology:
- installation site - between or near heating radiators;
- hole in the wall - drilled with a diamond machine tool or breaks through the brickwork with a puncher;
- inlet pipe - a pipe passing through the enclosing structure, the outer opening is protected by louvers or a grill, the inner part is attached to the fan inlet;
- sealing - the gaps between the wall and the branch pipe are filled with polyurethane foam;
- fan - mounted on the wall inside the kitchen, turned on by the remote control or manually.
Supply fan device in the wall
The disadvantage of a conventional fan is the draft due to the lack of heating devices.Being near it in the winter is uncomfortable for residents.
Recuperator installation
When a home craftsman chooses a recuperator, the problems of cold, noisy freshness, warm stuffiness in the premises are completely solved. Colds, fungus on the walls, allergies disappear, harmful secretions are removed from furniture.
For the recuperator, it is enough to make a hole in the wall, align its edges, install a special sleeve, and fix the equipment.
To install the recuperator, it is necessary to make a hole in the outer wall
The hole diameter is 22 cm, so you will need diamond drilling or drilling small holes along the contour and knocking out the plug with a hammer. Installation is possible in any weather / season, takes 30 - 90 minutes depending on the wall material.
Drilling a hole with a special installation
Insert of the supply valve into a plastic window
For the convenience of the owners of modern PVC window blocks, the supply valve is supplied by the manufacturer as a single set with three seals.
Supply valve device for in-wall installation
Related article:
From a home craftsman you only need a clerical knife, screwdriver or a screwdriver, a quarter of an hour of free time and a stepladder (the device is mounted on the top of the sash). The technology consists of operations:
- installation of a stepladder near an open transom;
- removal in a separate section of the operated sealing contour along the length of the valve;
- fastening the trimmed rubber seal along the edges with special polymer dowels, the third dowel is installed in the middle;
- mounting the valve on dowels, screwing 3 self-tapping screws into them;
- fastening two short seals between the dowels;
- removal of the counter seal in the upper part of the window block;
- installation of a special seal included in the valve package instead.
Ventilation valve composition
Installation of the supply valve
View of the installed valve
Replacing the standard rubber parts of the seal with new ones allows you to create a gap under the valve, into which street air will flow.
Diagram of a window supply valve
conclusions
Thus, the budgetary way of organizing the normative air exchange inside the apartment is a window supply valve, which is mounted in the block with several movements. in kitchens, fans can be installed to solve the problem for one room. The recuperators can be used zonally, or they can be included in the ducts of the ventilation systems of the apartment to normalize the microclimate in all operated rooms.
Video: installation of supply ventilation in the apartment
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